Which material is preferred for ground conductors in electrical systems?

Copper is preferred for ground conductors in electrical systems due to its excellent electrical conductivity. It has a lower resistance compared to other metals, which allows it to efficiently carry electrical current. This quality is essential in grounding applications where effective grounding can prevent electrical shock hazards and ensure the proper functioning of electrical systems.

Additionally, copper's resistance to corrosion enhances its durability and reliability over time, which is crucial in environments where ground conductors may be exposed to moisture or other corrosive elements. This attribute ensures that the grounding system maintains its integrity and effectiveness in providing a safe path for fault currents.

While aluminum is also used for some electrical applications, it is not as efficient as copper in terms of conductivity. Steel, although strong, is not a good conductor of electricity and often requires a coating to prevent corrosion, making it less suitable for grounding purposes. Plastic, on the other hand, is an insulator and does not conduct electricity, thus is not viable for grounding applications where conductivity is essential.